When researchers layer too many theories, they often think “more breadth = more rigor.” But the opposite often occurs. Below are four critical, but commonly overlooked, issues that weaken research—even when the intent is “comprehensive.” Common but Hidden Pitfalls Conceptual Conflict & Epistemological Clash Every theory carries assumptions about knowledge (epistemology). When researchers mix theories … Read more
Qualitative research is rich. But richness alone doesn’t guarantee validity. In fact, many qualitative studies fail validation due to subtle, often overlooked flaws. At Research & Report Consulting, we’ve audited hundreds of studies and identified recurring critical issues that most researchers don’t realize. Fixing these can elevate your findings from “interesting” to trustworthy. Key Issues … Read more
Why Identification Matters in SEM Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is one of the most powerful tools in quantitative research. It allows scholars to test complex theories, measure latent constructs, and model mediation or moderation effects. Researchers often call SEM the “gold standard” of statistical modeling. However, a hidden truth is often ignored: SEM collapses without … Read more
Pilot studies are essential for modern research. They help scholars test feasibility, refine tools, and identify potential challenges. However, pilot studies are not final research. Treating them as conclusive undermines credibility, misguides policy, and damages trust in science. This article explains the role of pilot studies, highlights common pitfalls, and offers practical solutions for using … Read more
Likert scales remain a staple in social science, management, and policy research. Their simplicity—“strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”—makes them appealing for capturing opinions. Yet, their misuse often leads to statistical pitfalls that undermine credibility. This article explains the risks, provides solutions, and highlights best practices with supporting evidence. Why Likert Scales Are Popular Despite their … Read more
Thematic analysis is one of the most widely used qualitative methods in social sciences, policy research, and applied studies. Its popularity comes from flexibility and accessibility. It enables researchers to uncover hidden meanings and identify themes across interviews, focus groups, and documents. However, there is a critical challenge: without rigor, thematic analysis loses credibility. Instead … Read more
When researchers think of plagiarism, most imagine copy-pasting paragraphs. But in today’s publishing world, plagiarism goes far deeper. Citation mistakes—often unintentional—are one of the most common reasons manuscripts are flagged, desk-rejected, or even retracted. At Research & Report Consulting, we frequently review papers where the problem wasn’t copied text but sloppy referencing. Authors are surprised … Read more
Strong research can lose impact when visuals are poorly designed. Data visualization is not just about aesthetics—it communicates insights, strengthens arguments, and builds trust. Yet, many researchers unintentionally weaken their findings by presenting flawed visuals. In this article, we highlight the most common mistakes in research visualization, explain why they matter, and provide guidance on … Read more
In both academic and applied research, the oft-repeated claim—“This study is objective”—masks a deeper reality: objectivity in research design is neither absolute nor devoid of negotiation. Researcher assumptions, frameworks, and methodological decisions inevitably shape outcomes, thus making objectivity constructed and prone to compromise. 1. Framework Choice: The Lens That Filters Reality Every theoretical framework inherently … Read more
Inferential statistics are powerful tools for uncovering patterns and testing relationships. But they are also easily misused. One of the most frequent and damaging mistakes we see at Research & Report Consulting is treating correlation as causation. This statistical misstep is more than a technical flaw—it undermines credibility, damages publication chances, and can lead to … Read more
