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research validity

How the Unit of Analysis Can Ruin Your Research

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Most research failures start long before data analysis. They begin at the design stage, when researchers misidentify the unit of analysis. This single mistake produces misleading results, faulty comparisons, and policy recommendations that collapse when applied in real-world settings. For research, evaluation, and policy studies, choosing the wrong unit of analysis is one of the … Read more

Cross-Cultural Research Needs More Than Translation

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Cross-cultural research requires more than translation. Valid studies demand conceptual equivalence, measurement invariance, and contextual sensitivity to avoid distorted results. Why Translation Is Only the First Step Cross-cultural research is vital for understanding how social, political, and economic phenomena play out in different societies. Yet, one of the most common mistakes is assuming that translating … Read more